Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions ⇱
Plastic is a material we use every day. The first plastics were made more than 100 years ago from parts of plants. Plastics are now made from oil, coal and natural gas. We are using up these things so fast that the Earth’s supplies may run out. Because of this, scientists are investigating new ideas for making plastics from plants such as sweet potato, bamboo and flax.
Things made from plastic can be useful for people but bad for the planet. Some plastics can last for a long time without wearing out and can be difficult to get rid of when they are not needed. They can remain in rubbish dumps called landfill sites for hundreds of years. Landfills can be smelly, ugly, and harmful to our planet.
Recycling is a good way to get rid of unwanted plastics. Recycled waste materials can be used again to make new products. This can be difficult as different types of plastic need to be recycled in different ways. Some kinds of plastics can be melted down and used to make new things such as bags and bottles. Others can be made into fibers (strands of material) for clothing.
Another way to protect the environment is to use canvas bags for shopping rather than plastic ones. A lot of plastic objects can also be reused. Plastic bottles can be refilled many times, rather than throwing them away once they are empty. Unwanted plastic goods such as CDs and toys can be sold or given away to charity shops.
Read the passage and choose the option that best fits the gaps. ⇱
How To Stop Water Pollution
Water pollution ___(6)___ ______ one of the biggest threats to the environment today. There are several sources of water pollution ranging from sewage and ___(7)___ ______ to soil erosion. The impact of water pollution on wildlife and their natural habitat can be immense. There are also a number of things that the average person can do to help stop water pollution.
We should conserve the soil ___(8)___ ______ soil conservation influences water pollution through erosion. As soil is eroded by water, it transfers sediment from the land to the body of water, which is polluted by the chemicals in the sediment. Phosphorus and industrial ___(9)___ ______ can be pulled into water through soil erosion. When phosphorus levels in water become too high, they can lead to algae blooms that can ___(10)_________ massive fish deaths and make water unsafe for human use. The best way to prevent soil erosion is to keep the banks of rivers well-covered with plants or trees. Planting trees can have a significantly positive impact on the reduction in soil erosion.